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未完待续

img

服务注册发现(Service Discovery)

  • CoreDNS
    https://coredns.io
  • Consul
    https://www.hashicorp.com/products/consul
  • Etcd
    https://github.com/coreos/etcd
  • Zookeeper
    https://zookeeper.apache.org
  • Eureka
    https://github.com/Netflix/eureka

负载均衡(Load Balancer)

  • Nginx
  • Haproxy

网关(API Gateway)

  • Kong

熔断(Circuit breaker)

  • Hystrix

分布式跟踪(Distributed Tracing)

  • Opentracing
    http://opentracing.io
    Opentracing是一个调用链路追踪规范，它类似于Zipkin和Google Dapper。
    与Zipkin不同的是，它定义了协议，并提供了多种语言的客户端库，但是没有提供最终存储和展示的实现。 用户可以自定义对接到不同的后端兼容层上，只要其兼容于Opentracing协议即可。
  • Jaeger
    https://github.com/jaegertracing/jaeger

参考资料

OpenTracing官方标准-中文版 https://github.com/opentracing-contrib/opentracing-specification-zh
Opentracing http://dmdgeeker.com/goBook/docs/ch11/opentracing.html
Uber Jaeger安装与使用 http://dmdgeeker.com/post/uber_jaeger/

监控(Monitoring)

  • Prometheus
    https://prometheus.io/

参考资料

Grafana https://grafana.com 监控展示面板

配置

  • confd

扩展资料

其他资料

CNCF（Cloud Native Computing Foundation）于 2015 年 7 月成立，隶属于 Linux 基金会，初衷围绕“云原生”服务云计算，致力于维护和集成开源技术，支持编排容器化微服务架构应用。

Projects


还不了解 CNCF？关于 CNCF 的三问三答！ http://blog.daocloud.io/cncf-3/
Go使用grpc+http打造高性能微服务 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5OTcxMzE0MQ==&mid=2653370431&idx=1&sn=59175120599a0974eb32364c26421c09&chksm=bce4d8258b935133c80658431cde2dd5cfecb2cc6bd450d305e8242dc37288b9c0a9956e8423&mpshare=1&scene=1&srcid=1122W2gv4zaFKq6DaTg8jA0C#rd
关于负载均衡和服务发现，Google的经验在这里 http://blog.shurenyun.com/untitled-95/
12-Factor 软件设计12要素中文版 https://12factor.net/zh_cn/
Spring Cloud for Microservices Compared to Kubernetes

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简介

Prometheus

Prometheus 是一个开源的服务监控系统和时间序列数据库。作为容器领域的监控比较热门。
Prometheus 采用 PULL 拉的方式进行监控，如果不在一个网络中可以采用 Push gateway 作为中间件来被 PULL 拉。
架构图为

Prometheus 官方提供常用的 exporters 。
blackbox_exporter 是 Prometheus 官方提供的 exporter之一，可以提供 http、dns、tcp、icmp（ping）的监控数据采集。

Grafana

Grafana 是开源的,功能齐全的度量仪表盘和图形编辑器,支持 Graphite,OpenTSDB,Elasticsearch,Cloudwatch,Prometheus,InfluxDB,小米监控
等。

安装

分别安装grafana、prometheus、blackbox_exporter，安装文档参考官网。

配置

prometheus 配置和运行

在prometheus的配置文件 prometheus.yml 中增加一个新的job

  - job_name: 'ping_all'
    scrape_interval: 5s
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]  #ping
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['219.150.32.132', '219.148.204.66', '183.59.4.178', '202.96.209.5', '202.100.4.15', '219.146.0.253', '222.173.113.3', '61.139.2.69', '61.128.114.133', '202.98.234.35', '202.100.64.68', '202.100.100.1', '221.232.129.35', '222.88.19.1', '222.190.127.1', '202.96.96.68', '202.101.103.54', '61.140.99.11', '202.96.161.1', '202.103.224.74']
        labels:
          group: '一线城市-电信网络监控'
      - targets: ['218.8.251.163', '218.107.51.1', '221.7.34.1', '112.65.244.1', '218.25.9.38', '124.89.76.214', '202.102.152.3', '202.102.128.68', '124.161.132.1', '221.7.1.20', '27.98.234.1', '218.104.111.122', '218.28.199.1', '221.6.4.66', '221.12.31.58', '218.104.136.149', '210.21.4.130', '210.21.196.6', '221.7.128.68', '221.199.15.5']
        labels:
          group: '一线城市-联通网络监控'
      - targets: ['211.137.241.34', '211.136.192.1', '218.203.160.194', '117.131.0.22', '211.137.32.178', '117.136.25.1', '211.137.191.26', '211.137.180.1', '211.137.106.1', '218.202.152.130', '211.139.73.34', '223.77.0.1', '211.138.16.1', '221.131.143.1', '211.140.10.2', '211.143.195.255', '183.238.55.1', '218.204.216.65', '211.138.245.180', '211.138.56.1']
        labels:
          group: '一线城市-移动网络监控'
      - targets: ['61.233.168.1', '61.234.113.1', '211.98.224.87', '222.44.44.1', '222.33.8.1', '61.232.201.76', '211.98.19.1', '61.232.49.1', '211.98.208.1', '61.233.199.129', '222.34.16.1', '61.232.206.1', '61.233.79.1', '211.98.43.1', '61.232.78.1', '61.232.93.193', '211.98.161.1', '61.235.99.1', '222.52.72.66', '211.138.56.1']
        labels:
          group: '一线城市-铁通网络监控'
      - targets: ['219.150.32.132', '219.153.32.1', '219.149.6.99', '220.189.218.45', '123.172.77.1', '202.103.124.34', '222.172.200.68', '202.100.64.68', '222.93.201.1', '222.191.255.1', '202.101.224.68', '222.85.179.1', '220.178.79.2', '59.49.12.97', '222.223.255.1', '219.148.172.97', '219.132.199.49', '14.120.0.1', '222.223.29.5', '222.173.222.1', '202.101.107.55', '222.74.58.29']
        labels:
          group: '二线城市-电信网络监控'
      - targets: ['60.24.4.1', '221.5.203.86', '202.96.86.18', '221.12.33.227', '202.99.96.68', '58.20.127.238', '221.3.131.11', '124.152.0.1', '221.3.131.11', '221.6.96.1', '220.248.192.13', '221.13.28.234', '211.91.88.129', '202.99.192.66', '202.99.160.68', '202.99.224.68', '58.252.65.1', '221.4.141.254', '60.2.17.49', '202.102.154.3', '36.249.127.25', '202.99.224.8']
        labels:
          group: '二线城市-联通网络监控'
      - targets: ['211.137.160.5', '218.201.17.2', '211.140.192.1', '211.140.35.1', '211.141.66.209', '211.138.225.2', '111.17.191.25', '218.203.160.195', '211.103.55.51', '211.103.114.1', '183.217.255.254', '211.139.2.18', '211.138.180.2', '211.142.12.2', '111.11.85.1', '211.138.91.2', '218.204.173.197', '183.233.223.25', '211.143.60.1', '120.192.167.2', '218.207.133.3', '120.193.138.1']
        labels:
          group: '二线城市-移动网络监控'
      - targets: ['61.234.70.2', '211.98.114.1', '61.232.157.1', '61.234.186.1', '61.235.225.1', '211.98.71.1', '211.98.72.7', '123.81.2.9', '211.98.44.65', '222.45.86.1', '222.49.82.1', '211.98.108.1', '222.48.116.17', '211.98.149.117', '61.235.145.1', '222.39.142.1', '110.211.253.9', '222.50.104.1', '61.234.76.1', '61.232.53.113', '61.234.196.185', '222.39.156.1']
        labels:
          group: '二线城市-铁通网络监控'
      - targets: ['166.111.8.28', '202.112.26.34', '202.114.240.6', '202.116.160.33', '211.65.207.170', '218.26.226.100', '222.221.252.162', '202.38.64.1', '202.201.48.1', '202.118.176.1', '121.193.138.1', '222.23.245.1', '58.195.136.3', '202.118.1.28', '59.77.229.1', '121.48.177.1', '121.250.214.1', '59.75.177.1', '59.75.112.254']
        labels:
          group: '教育网络监控'
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        regex: (.*)(:80)?
        target_label: __param_target
        replacement: ${1}
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        regex: (.*)
        target_label: ping
        replacement: ${1}
      - source_labels: []
        regex: .*
        target_label: __address__
        replacement: 127.0.0.1:9115  # Blackbox exporter.

顺序运行 blackbox_exporter，prometheus

grafana 配置和运行

运行grafana
在 grafana中增加 Data Sources 选 prometheus
然后按照grafana的文档新定制一个面板
ROW中指标选probe_duration_seconds{job=”ping_all”}

grafana prometheus ping监控

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#安装依赖库
yum -y install mysql-devel libcurl-devel net-snmp-devel Percona-Server-devel-55
#因为我的mysql使用的是percona55 所以这里需要装 Percona-Server-devel-55

#给zabbix在mysql中创建库和用户
create database zabbix character set utf8;
grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by 'zabbix';


#创建zabbix运行的独立用户
groupadd zabbix
useradd zabbix -g zabbix -s /sbin/nologin

#下载编译安装zabbix
wget -O zabbix.tar.gz -c "http://sourceforge.net/projects/zabbix/files/ZABBIX%20Latest%20Stable/2.2.4/zabbix-2.2.4.tar.gz/download"

tar zxvf zabbix.tar.gz
cd zabbix-2.2.4/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/zabbix --enable-server --enable-agent \
--with-mysql --with-net-snmp --with-libcurl
make install

##编译错误解决
#checking for mysql_config... /usr/bin/mysql_config
#checking for main in -lmysqlclient... no
#configure: error: Not found mysqlclient library
ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0 /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so
ln -s /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0 /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so
ln -s /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so.16.0.0 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient.so
ln -s /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient_r.so.16.0.0 /usr/lib64/libmysqlclient_r.so

#导入zabbix的数据库
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix -hlocalhost zabbix < database/mysql/schema.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix -hlocalhost zabbix < database/mysql/images.sql
mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix -hlocalhost zabbix < database/mysql/data.sql

#修改配置文件
cp misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_server /etc/init.d/
cp misc/init.d/fedora/core/zabbix_agentd /etc/init.d/
cp -R frontends/php /data/wwwroot/zabbix  #复制web文件到网站目录，替换成你自己的
sed -i 's/^DBUser=.*$/DBUser=zabbix/g' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
sed -i 's/^.*DBPassword=.*$/DBPassword=zabbix/g' /usr/local/zabbix/etc/zabbix_server.conf
sed -i 's/BASEDIR=\/usr\/local/BASEDIR=\/usr\/local\/zabbix/g' /etc/init.d/zabbix_server
sed -i 's/BASEDIR=\/usr\/local/BASEDIR=\/usr\/local\/zabbix/g' /etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd

#增加服务端口<br>
cat >>/etc/services <<EOF
zabbix-agent 10050/tcp #Zabbix Agent
zabbix-agent 10050/udp #Zabbix Agent
zabbix-trapper 10051/tcp #Zabbix Trapper
zabbix-trapper 10051/udp #Zabbix Trapper
EOF

#启动服务
/etc/init.d/zabbix_server start
/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start
chkconfig zabbix_server on   #开机启动启动服务
#chkconfig zabbix_agentd on  #被控端
#echo "/etc/init.d/zabbix_server start" >> /etc/rc.local
#echo "/etc/init.d/zabbix_agentd start" >> /etc/rc.local

问题处理

zabbix_server  不能监听端口tcp  10051 ？

打开日志 cat /tmp/zabbix_server.log

1635:20140706:015834.413 [Z3001] connection to database ‘zabbix’ failed: [2002] Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock’ (2)
1635:20140706:015834.413 Database is down. Reconnecting in 10 seconds.

看来是mysql sock错误了。 找到 #DBSocket=/tmp/mysql.sock 去掉前面的＃注释即可。

zabbix2.2.4 web中 语言没有中文可选？

1、服务器端找到 zabbix/include/ locales.inc.php 文件

2、修改 locales.inc.php内容为：’zh_CN’ => array(‘name’ => _(‘Chinese (zh_CN)’),        ‘display’ => true),

       默认是false，所以不显示Chinese(zh_CN)。保存退出。

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dstat

介绍

安装

#ubuntu
apt-get install dstat

#centos
yum install dstat

 

使用

其他stat工具(sysstat mpstat cifsiostat sar vmstat iostat netstat nfsstat ifstat)

 

nmon

介绍

nmon 工具可以帮助在一个屏幕上显示所有重要的性能优化信息，并动态地对其进行更新。这个高效的工具可以工作于任何哑屏幕、telnet 会话、甚至拨号线路。另外，它并不会消耗大量的 CPU 周期，通常低于百分之二。在更新的计算机上，其 CPU 使用率将低于百分之一。

 

安装

#Centos6_x86 (包含了多个系统的二进制包，选择匹配自己系统的)

wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nmon/files/nmon_linux_14i.tar.gz

 mkdir nmon

tar -zxvf nmon_linux_14i.tar.gz -C nmon

cd nmon
./nmon_x86_centos6

 

 

使用

 

tsar

介绍

Tsar是淘宝的采集工具，主要用来收集服务器的系统信息（如cpu，io，mem，tcp等）以及应用数据（如squid haproxy nginx等），tsar支持实时查看和历史查看，方便了解应用和服务器的信息!

https://github.com/alibaba/tsar

安装

wget -O tsar.zip https://github.com/alibaba/tsar/archive/master.zip --no-check-certificate
unzip tsar.zip
cd tsar-master
make
make install